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(Arizona™-4) Arizona Articulation and Phonology Scale, Fourth Revision

by Janet B. Fudala, PhD, and Sheri Stegall, PhD
Norms
Standardized on a nationally representative sample of 3,192 children, adolescents, and young adults
Format
The individual names, repeats, or reads stimulus content, and the examiner notes articulatory and phonological errors.
ADMIN TIME
5–20 minutes
Ages
18 months–21 years, 11 months
Benefit
Provides a quick, reliable, and well-standardized measure of articulation and phonology to help clinicians identify individuals who need speech sound services
Publish Date
2017
Qualifications
Level C required

About Qualification Levels

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(Arizona™-4) Arizona Articulation and Phonology Scale, Fourth Revision

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SKU
arizona-4-arizona-articulation-and-phonology-scale-fourth-re

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Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Digital Kit
SKU: W-688P

Includes Print Word/Sentence Articulation Record Forms (pack of 25); Print Phonology Coding Forms (pack of 25); Digital Stimulus Images With Administration Guide; and Online Manual 

1 x Arizona-4 Digital Kit   + $347.00
Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Print/Digital Combination Kit
SKU: W-689

Includes Print Word/Sentence Articulation Record Forms (pack of 25); Print Phonology Coding Forms (pack of 25); Print Easel; Print Manual; Digital Stimulus Images With Administration Guide; and Online Manual 

1 x Arizona-4 Print/Digital Combination Kit   + $496.00
Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Print Kit
SKU: W-688

Includes Print Word/Sentence Articulation Record Forms (pack of 25); Print Phonology Coding Forms (pack of 25); Print Easel; Print Manual

1 x Arizona-4 Print Kit   + $408.00
Forms
Arizona-4 Phonology Coding Form (Pack of 25)
SKU: W-688B

4-page Print Coding Form. Includes access to Arizona-4 online scoring features available through the WPS Online Evaluation System. Registration required.

1 x Arizona-4 Phonology Coding Form (Pack of 25)   + $63.00
Forms
Arizona-4 Word and Sentence Articulation Record Form (Pack of 25)
SKU: W-688A

8-page print record form. Includes access to Arizona 4 online scoring features available through the WPS Online Evaluation System. Registration required.

1 x Arizona-4 Word and Sentence Articulation Record Form (Pack of 25)   + $63.00
Options
Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images
SKU: W-688EP
1 x Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images   + $150.00
Assess Online
Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images with Administration Guide
SKU: W-688G

The electronic version of the Print Easel includes Digital Stimulus Images, Digital Administration Guide, and Print Administration Guide. All digital versions can be used both online and offline. Upon purchase, the Print Administration Guide, along with an activation code with instructions for accessing the digital components, will be mailed to you.

1 x Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images with Administration Guide   + $181.00
Easels
Arizona-4 Print Easel
SKU: W-688C
1 x Arizona-4 Print Easel   + $209.00
Options
Arizona-4 Digital Administration Guide
SKU: W-688DP
1 x Arizona-4 Digital Administration Guide   + $35.00
Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Manual
SKU: W-688M
1 x Arizona-4 Manual   + $152.00
Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Online Manual
SKU: W-688MP

For use on the WPS Online Evaluation System. Registration required. Upon purchase, an online activation code with instructions will be emailed to you. 

1 x Arizona-4 Online Manual   + $129.00
Options
Arizona-4 Digital Administration Guide
SKU: W-688DP
1 x Arizona-4 Digital Administration Guide   + $35.00
Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Online Manual
SKU: W-688MP

For use on the WPS Online Evaluation System. Registration required. Upon purchase, an online activation code with instructions will be emailed to you. 

1 x Arizona-4 Online Manual   + $129.00
Kits & Manuals
Arizona-4 Digital Kit
SKU: W-688P

Includes Print Word/Sentence Articulation Record Forms (pack of 25); Print Phonology Coding Forms (pack of 25); Digital Stimulus Images With Administration Guide; and Online Manual 

1 x Arizona-4 Digital Kit   + $347.00
Options
Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images
SKU: W-688EP
1 x Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images   + $150.00
Options
Arizona-4 Digital Administration Guide
SKU: W-688DP
1 x Arizona-4 Digital Administration Guide   + $35.00
Assess Online
Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images with Administration Guide
SKU: W-688G

The electronic version of the Print Easel includes Digital Stimulus Images, Digital Administration Guide, and Print Administration Guide. All digital versions can be used both online and offline. Upon purchase, the Print Administration Guide, along with an activation code with instructions for accessing the digital components, will be mailed to you.

1 x Arizona-4 Digital Stimulus Images with Administration Guide   + $181.00

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(Arizona™-4) Arizona Articulation and Phonology Scale™, Fourth Revision
(Arizona™-4) Arizona Articulation and Phonology Scale, Fourth Revision

In stock

$31.00

Summary

    About This Product

    What’s New in the Arizona-4

    • Three tests in one assessment: Word Articulation, Sentence Articulation, and Phonology
    • All-new normative data
    • Extension of the standardized age range to 21 years, 11 months, with guidance for describing and understanding the speech of adults of all ages
    • Modified scoring system for more effective identification of individuals with speech sound disorders
    • Five optional tasks that inform treatment plan development
    • Scoring guidance for dialectal variations
    • Full-color illustrations that are more engaging for young children
    • Digital stimulus images
    • FREE online scoring and report generation through the WPS® Online Evaluation System™

     

    Overview

    The Arizona-4 measures speech intelligibility, articulatory impairment, and phonological impairment in one easy-to-use assessment. It features enhancements that add to its effectiveness in identifying individuals who have speech sound disorders. New norms, refined measurement properties, and the addition of connected-speech and phonology tests help clinicians identify individuals who may benefit from speech sound services. Supplemental qualitative tasks facilitate deeper interpretation of the scores and help clinicians develop treatment plans targeted to the individual’s needs.

     

    Applications and Uses

    The Arizona-4 can be used by speech and language professionals in a variety of settings, including schools, clinics, hospitals, private practices, and intervention programs. Its applications include:

    • Understanding and describing an individual’s level of articulatory ability and overall speech intelligibility in both single-word and connected speech
    • Comparing single-word and connected-speech articulatory abilities
    • Determining the extent to which phonological impairment may contribute to an individual’s articulatory deficits, and describing the specific types of phonological error patterns that are displayed
    • Facilitating early identification of speech sound development concerns and determining whether an individual may benefit from treatment services
    • Identifying and prioritizing speech targets for individualized intervention through analysis of the examinee’s specific articulatory/phonological deficits and relative strengths, including the production of consonants, consonant blends, vowels, and vocalic /r/
    • Monitoring improvement in an individual’s speech sound production over time
    • Evaluating the degree of consistency in an individual’s production of misarticulated sounds, the impact of speech sound deficits in continuous language and everyday speech, and the need for further language assessment or intervention

     

    What It Measures

    The Arizona-4 scores help clinicians to identify individuals who need speech sound services and to develop treatment plans for them. The primary score is the easy-to-understand Word or Sentence Articulation Total Score, which has a direct interpretation. Research using Total Scores links these scores to the rate of speech sound occurrence in American speech. This research expresses how often misarticulated sounds occur in everyday speech and their impact on speech intelligibility. The Word–Sentence Articulation Critical Difference Score provides further information about clinically meaningful differences between articulation in single-word versus connected-speech contexts.

    Standard scores for Word Articulation, Sentence Articulation, and Phonology compare examinee performance with the performance of a typically developing peer group based on age (and gender, for younger ages). Severity ranges, confidence intervals, percentile ranks, and test-age equivalent scores further aid clinical interpretation. The Arizona-4 scores use easily understood descriptive language for parents and other nonprofessionals.

    Expanded guidelines for interpretation cover topics of extreme scores, item-level analysis, percentage of occurrence of phonological error patterns, and use of the Arizona-4 to measure change over time. Additional qualitative information is available through various supplemental, nonstandardized tasks that help clinicians plan effective treatment for the individual.

    The Arizona-4 offers the following scores:

    • Total Scores and associated Speech Intelligibility Interpretation Values
    • Standard Scores and associated severity ranges for the level of articulatory and phonological impairment
    • Word–Sentence Articulation Critical Difference Score
    • Percentage of Occurrence for phonological error patterns
    • Percentage of Speech Improvement Score for retesting

     

    How It Works

    The Word Articulation and Sentence Articulation tests of the Arizona-4 are administered to the examinee and may be used singly or in combination, as needed. The Phonology test is coded by the clinician based on the examinee’s speech productions during Word Articulation.

    Word Articulation may be administered using the Test Easel or the Digital Stimulus Images With Administration Guide. The clinician presents the stimulus content to the examinee, and the examinee names the depicted word or repeats it after the clinician; older examinees may read the words. The clinician records the examinee’s production of the target sounds on the Word and Sentence Articulation Record Form, and the clinician may choose to code these productions for 11 phonology error patterns on the Phonology Coding Form.

    The target sounds in Word Articulation can be tested at the sentence level by administering Sentence Articulation using the Test Easel or the Digital Stimulus Images With Administration Guide. In Sentence Articulation, the single words from Word Articulation are embedded in brief, simple sentences that are spoken by the examinee (the examinee can read the sentences or repeat them after the clinician; sentences are written at a first-grade reading level). Direct comparisons can be drawn between the examinee’s productions of the Arizona-4 target sounds at the word and sentence levels.

    After the clinician has administered the relevant articulation tests and coded for phonology as needed, the clinician can use the WPS Online Evaluation System for free online scoring and report generation. The clinician can also score manually.

     

    FREE Online Scoring and Reporting

    Upon purchase of an Arizona-4 Kit or Forms, you gain access to digital scoring through the WPS Online Evaluation System at no additional charge! This gives clinicians the option to score online and automatically generate the Score Report, including Item Discrepancy Analysis. Time saving and HIPAA compliant, WPS’s online testing platform securely and conveniently keeps a record of the clinician’s administrations and shares helpful information with parents, teachers, and others involved in treatment.

     

    Component

    Contents

    Format(s)

    Manual

    The Manual contains descriptions for the administration, scoring, interpretation, development, standardization, and psychometric properties of the Arizona-4.

    Online; print

    Test Easel

    This self-standing stimulus book contains content needed to administer the Arizona-4, including instructions, examples, pictures, items, prompts, scoring criteria, information about the skills measured by each item, and some Supplemental Assessment Tasks. Test Easel sections are marked by tabs to help clinicians quickly locate them during test administration.

    Print

    Digital Stimulus Images With Administration Guide

    The electronic version of the Test Easel includes digital stimulus images and a Digital Administration Guide that can be used in an online or offline format. A Print Administration Guide is also included for convenience. 

    Online; digital

    Word Articulation and Sentence Articulation Record Form

    This 8-page booklet is used for administering and scoring Word Articulation and Sentence Articulation. It also facilitates the administration of Supplemental Assessment Tasks. The Record Form is available only in print format and must be used during test administration. After administration, scoring can be done manually or automatically online through the WPS Online Evaluation System.

    Print with online scoring

    Phonology Coding Form

    This 4-page booklet is used to code and score Phonology following the administration of Word Articulation. The Coding Form is available only in print format and must be used to code phonological error patterns. After coding, scoring can be done manually or automatically online through the WPS Online Evaluation System.

    Print with online scoring

     

    Reliability and Validity

    The Arizona-4 was standardized on a nationally representative sample of 3,192 children, adolescents, and young adults, aged 1 year, 6 months–21 years, 11 months. This sample was stratified to match U.S. Census data for gender, race/ethnicity, parents’ educational level, and geographic region. A clinical validation sample was also collected; the sample consisted of 50 individuals who had a speech sound disorder diagnosis (articulation and/or phonological disorder) and who were receiving treatment services.

    The Arizona-4 has strong internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and interrater reliability, supporting the stability of Arizona-4 results within tests, over time, and across examiners.

    Several studies provide valid evidence supporting the Arizona-4. The Arizona-4 scores show the expected progression of development for speech sound mastery and the expected age for specific target sounds and phonological error patterns, providing evidence of adequately captured speech sound development. Validity evidence also includes correlations with other established measures of articulation and phonology. A clinical study supports the ability of the Arizona-4 to distinguish those with clinically diagnosed speech sound disorders from those who do not. These results are indicative of sensitivity and specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive value, for the Arizona-4 tests.